At the conclusion of this activity learners should be better able to…

1. Describe the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and evaluate the role of biologic therapies and other treatment strategies in the management of patients with AERD.
2. Explain the unified airway model and the relationship between upper and lower airway allergic diseases and apply evidence-based strategies to manage allergic inflammation affecting both the upper and lower airway.
3. Identify emerging and non-traditional treatment approaches for common nasal and sinus conditions and evaluate the evidence supporting alternative and adjunctive therapies for sinonasal disease.
4. Recognize the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and upper airway symptoms and differentiate GERD-related symptoms from allergic and sinonasal conditions to guide appropriate management.
5. Identify clinical factors that contribute to difficult-to-treat chronic rhinosinusitis and apply advanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the management of complex CRS cases.
6. Differentiate non-allergic rhinitis from allergic rhinitis and other sinonasal disorders and apply multidisciplinary management strategies to improve outcomes in patients with non-allergic rhinitis.
7. Describe the role of the microbiome in allergic disease and chronic rhinosinusitis and evaluate emerging research on microbiome-targeted therapies and their potential clinical applications.
8. Recognize clinical features that suggest underlying immune deficiency or cystic fibrosis in chronically ill patients and implement appropriate diagnostic evaluation and management strategies for patients with recurrent or persistent infections.
9. Explain the role of allergic inflammation in eustachian tube dysfunction and middle ear disease and apply treatment strategies that address allergic contributors to ear and eustachian tube disorders.
10. Identify dental causes of sinusitis and facial pain that may mimic primary sinonasal disease and develop diagnostic and management approaches for patients with odontogenic sinusitis.
11. Review emerging diagnostic tools and treatment options for obstructive sleep apnea and evaluate patient-specific factors when selecting therapies for sleep-disordered breathing.
12. Recognize how allergic rhinitis and sinonasal disease contribute to sleep-disordered breathing and incorporate treatment of allergic and inflammatory airway disease into the management of sleep apnea.
13. Identify biomarkers and clinical characteristics associated with type II inflammatory diseases and apply evidence-based guidelines to select appropriate biologic therapies for individual patients.
14. Differentiate type II from non-type II inflammatory pathways in airway disease and evaluate treatment strategies for patients with mixed or non-type II inflammatory phenotypes.
15. Recognize common presentations of sinus and allergic disease in pediatric patients and apply age-appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies for pediatric sinonasal and allergic conditions.
16. Identify common causes of chronic cough, including upper airway cough syndrome and develop diagnostic and management strategies for patients presenting with chronic cough and post-nasal drip.
17. Recognize atypical presentations and diagnostic challenges in hereditary angioedema and anaphylaxis and apply evidence-based management strategies to complex or unusual cases of HAE and anaphylaxis.
18. Evaluate potential causes of nasal obstruction when physical examination findings are minimal or normal and develop diagnostic approaches to identify underlying conditions contributing to persistent nasal symptoms.